Types of Pollutants
Pollutants can come from many different sources inside and outside the home. For instance, carpeting and upholstery release chemicals into the air. These pollutants circulate through ductwork, entering every room and living space. And if ventilation's inadequate, the pollutants multiply. High temperature and humidity also increase concentrations of some pollutants. Use our interactive tool to learn more about common air quality problems in the home. See our chart of health symptoms and how they relate to air pollutants.
Indoor air pollutants come in all shapes and sizes, but they usually fall into three main categories.
Particles
Pollen, dust, dirt, pet dander, insulation and carpet fibers
A common trigger of allergies and asthma, particles are most dangerous when they are small and easily inhaled into the lungs
Biological Contaminants
Mold spores, dust mites, viruses, fungi, bacteria, yeast and algae
Also known as bioaerosols, these contaminants are mostly organic and thrive in warm, humid environments. Like particles, they are a major cause of allergies.
Gases and Odors
Chemical vapors from gas appliances, fireplaces, carpets, garages, cleaning products, furniture, paint, perfumes, pesticides and tobacco smoke
Gases and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be released from materials used during the construction, finishing and furnishing of your home. They can also come from everyday household items like aerosol sprays, paints, cleaning products and air fresheners
Symptoms related to Air Pollutants
The health effects of breathing polluted indoor air can range from headaches to allergies and asthma attacks, depending on such factors as your degree of exposure and overall well-being. Even low levels of pollutants can be harmful to children because their systems are still developing, and they take in more air per pound of body weight than adults. The elderly and those with respiratory ailments are also particularly vulnerable to indoor pollutants.
For a full list of symptoms related to poor air quality, refer to the chart below.
